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Trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis) occurs when the tendons in the hand that control the bending of your finger become swollen. Because the tendons are covered by a sheath, the swelling causes pressure to build up in the sheath and a knot or nodule is formed. The tendon is then prevented from gliding smoothly. This is what causes the pain, popping or catching feeling. This condition gets its name because in some cases the tendon catches and then is suddenly released as though a "trigger" were released.
What causes trigger finger?
Causes can include, but are not limited to, rheumatoid arthritis, gout or diabetes. Occupations requiring repetitive bending of the finger (such as squeezing a spray bottle) or prolonged forceful grasping (such as power tools) may increase the risk of developing this problem.
Symptoms
Symptoms include soreness at the base of the finger, painful clicking or snapping when attempting to flex or extended the affected finger. In more severe cases, the affected finger will lock in a flexed or extended position.
Initial evaluation
The physician will examine you finger and ask you about your medical history, any injuries you may have sustained to your hand or fingers, the job that you perform, hobbies or sports you participate in, etc. An X-ray or other lab tests may be performed to rule out other causes of your symptoms.
Treatment
Whenever possible, non-surgical treatment is attempted first. Splints, oral anti-inflammatory medications, steroid injections, and adjustments in daily activities may be successful in reducing the swelling around the tendon. If the finger does not respond to non-surgical treatments, surgery may be recommended. The procedure is done on an outpatient basis. Post-surgically, the tendon will glide smoothly and active motion returns fairly quickly. Hand therapy is usually recommended for 2-4 weeks following surgery.
Back to Hand Injuries and Conditions
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